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Bridgework |
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What is a bridge?
A bridge is used to replace one or several
missing teeth. It is usually constructed by
fitting crowns (caps) to the teeth on
either side of the gap, thereby bridging it.
What are bridges for?
A bridge not only replaces missing teeth, it also supports the
adjacent teeth. If a gap is left, it can be unsightly and the teeth
on either side can tip into it over time, causing problems with
the bite and even gum disease. Whilst dentures can be used
to replace missing teeth, bridges are usually a much better
option since dentures can hasten the loss of the remaining
natural teeth and you have to remove them at night.
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When do I need a bridge?
A bridge may be recommended if:
- You have lost one or more teeth at the front or back
of the mouth and there are adjacent teeth to support
a bridge.
- You are having an implant and a bridge is needed
between the implant and a tooth for stability.
What materials are used for making
a bridge?
Bridges are made from various materials depending on the
clinical diagnosis and your preferences. Some of the currently
available combinations include:
- Layers of porcelain bonded to precious metal: this is the
most common construction and has been in use for many
years. It can be used for large bridges.
- Pure porcelain: this is used for bridges where appearance
is of primary importance. Porcelain is translucent which
gives the bridge a more life-like appearance. Current
techniques do not allow the construction of larger bridges
with this material.
- Porcelain and new generation composites: these
combinations offer the advantages of pure porcelain and
allow the construction of larger metal-free bridges.
For extensive bridgework, however, we still need to use
porcelain bonded to precious metal.
- Precious metal (including gold and palladium): these are
very strong, hard-wearing materials, most commonly used
for bridgework at the back of the mouth where it cannot
be seen. If you have a very hard bite, it may be necessary
to have a bridge with the back teeth made of gold and just
the front ones with a porcelain covering.
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How does a dentist prepare teeth
for a bridge?
The teeth next to the gap are prepared in the same way
as for crowns; by removing some of the outer surface, leaving
a strong inner base to support each crown. During this
preparation a local anaesthetic is used, which is why the
treatment is comfortable and feels little different from having
a filling.The amount of tooth removed is only about 1.5mm.
The dentist will then take an impression of these prepared
teeth and of the opposite jaw to record the bite.You will be
fitted with temporary crowns for a week or two until the
bridge can be cemented.
How is a bridge made?
The impressions of your mouth are sent to a dental
laboratory where a technician will make a plaster model.
A bridge made from precious metal, porcelain or composite
is then hand-crafted on the model to ensure a perfect fit.
The colours, shape, translucency and fine details of your teeth
are matched by building up porcelain in layers using a range
of shades and opacities. For bridges made entirely of metal,
this colour detail is not required. Bridges are fired in a furnace
so that these personalised characteristics become permanent.
How many appointments do I need to
have a bridge made?
It normally takes two appointments, although you may need
more in complicated cases.
What is a post?
A post can be used to provide a stable foundation for
a bridge in cases where a tooth has been root-filled.
There are various types of post depending upon individual
circumstances. Either prefabricated and fitted at the first
appointment or made from a cast metal and fitted at the
second visit.Your dentist will prescribe the most suitable type.
What is a core?
If a tooth is broken down, the dentist may be able to rebuild
it using a filling material and create what is called a 'core'.
This is then prepared for the bridge in the same way as a
natural tooth.
Does a bridge look natural?
Yes; once a bridge is fitted it is difficult to distinguish it from
natural teeth and it will usually improve your smile.The dentist
will record the colour and translucency of the teeth next to the
gap and the colour of the bridge is made to match. Modern
porcelains can be incredibly beautiful, life-like and long-lasting.
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How long does a bridge last?
A bridge can last many years provided it is properly looked
after. Good dental hygiene is essential to prolong its life.You
should brush and floss the bridge as normal, although you
may need to use a special brush or floss to clean under it.
The dentist or hygienist will show you the most effective
home care techniques. Regular check-ups with the dentist
and hygienist are essential to maintain the health of your
teeth and gums.
What is a bonded bridge?
A bonded bridge, sometimes called a 'Maryland Bridge', is a
new way to replace a missing tooth without crowning any
other natural teeth.The replacement tooth is bonded to the
surrounding teeth and is held in place by one or more 'wings'
which go behind the neighbouring natural teeth. Unfortunately,
not all missing teeth can be restored with a bonded bridge.
What about implants?
More and more people are having implants.This is because
implants avoid the necessity to crown healthy teeth. In a
situation where your adjacent teeth are in good condition an
implant may be the best option.Your dentist will advise you
whether a bridge or implant is the treatment of choice.
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